Nature shapes time-oriented

Nature shapes time-oriented
Chilean Araucaria have an evolutionary history of over 200 million years and have learned to coexist with volcanoes. They are a success story of nature’s creativity through self-organisation, which requires dynamically directed time.

When deriving the lived time, the time of action (Ref. 451), it becomes apparent that it is the well-known principle of least action that controls this time of action via energy. This important but hitherto misunderstood principle must be regarded as an expression of fundamental irreversibility in nature. An immediate confirmation arises from the fact that the second law of thermodynamics as well as an entropy law for non-linear, irreversible thermodynamics can be derived directly from it.

A derivation without additional assumptions was not possible in physics until now. The time of action also explains how feedback via information is possible and how the creation of order through self-organisation can function. This opens up an access to creativity in nature that was previously closed to a time-neutral world.